The top of the pushrod appears to be broken off. I would spend some time to understand why that happened before throwing replacement parts at it.
I would guess that the pushrod length was incorrect or there was interference between the pushrod and the head.
Not sure what "no power" means, but that intake should be plenty for the cam you have. The 702 cam I see is pretty mild, (226 @ 0.050", <0.50" lift). I'm making 500hp with that intake on a 451 with factory port Stealth heads.
If the vibration is mechanical, the vibration should also excite at double the RPM... does the vibration also noticeably peak at 5000-5600 RPM?
Some 360 flywheels have bolt-on weights, so it might be worth checking to see if that (or its Mallory metal) fell out. You havent checked the oil pan...